Determine How Much Computer RAM Memory You Need for Vista or XP

Find out how much computer RAM memory you need to run Windows Vista or XP efficiently. Most Computer don't have enough memory installed, causing them to run slowly.

Instructions

1.Most computers purchased from a retail store or even online from the manufacturer are equipped with a minimal amount of memory to keep prices low. If you have less than 1GB in Windows XP or less than 2GB in Windows Vista, your computer could be performing slower than it was designed for. Adding more memory can actually speed up your computer a great deal, as I've proven to hundreds of people already.

Take the steps below to find out how much memory you need and how much you have now.

2.How much memory do I need?

- Windows XP (Home or Professional): If you have less than 1GB of memory on XP, your PC will run faster with more memory. Windows XP Home or Professional versions will run decent with 1GB of memory, though 2GB is recommended for power users (who run more than 2-3 programs or open more than a few windows at a time). The maximum memory you can install for XP is 4GB (although it will only show around 3.5GB when you check the system properties as indicated below. Your computer itself may have a lower memory maximum it will accept. See below to find out how much the computer will allow.

- Windows Vista: Windows Vista requires much more memory than XP. If you have less than 2GB of memory in any version of Vista, your PC will run faster with more memory. For Vista Ultimate or Business versions, you'll want to add 3-4GB to preserve your sanity. Vista will allow a maximum of 4GB (may show less is installed in the System Properties. See below to find out how much the computer will allow.

Although Microsoft shows recommended minimum memory requirements on their website, this is only enough to barely run XP or Vista (and at an agonizingly slow pace at that!

3.Find out how much memory you have in your computer:

- For Windows XP: Click Start, then right click "My Computer" and choose "Properties". Click the top tab named "General" if needed and look for XX of RAM above the Support Information button.

- For Windows Vista: Do the same as above or Click Start > Control Panel > Performance & Maintenance > System. Click the top tab named "General" if needed and look for XX of RAM above the Support Information button.

Tips & Warnings

Memory is the cheapest performance boost you can buy for your computer.

Installing memory is about as easy as installing a light bulb.

Buying memory online can be much cheaper than from retail stores, but buy from a respected online memory store such as http://www.TheUpgradePlace.com.

If you're not sure what memory you need, let an expert help you determine this for you. This will save you some headaches.

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Determine How Much Memory a Computer Needs

Whether you're in the market for a new Computer or seeking to upgrade your existing PC, determining how much memory your computer needs is vital. Too much memory can leave wasted space on your hard drive. Too little computer memory can overload your PC and cause it to operate sluggishly.

Instructions

Determining Current Memory of Existing PC for Upgrade

1.Click the "Start" tab in your Windows operating system.

2.Select "Control Panel" from the list on the right.

3.Choose the "Performance and Maintenance" tool.

4.Click "See Basic Information About Your Computer."

5.View the specification on your computer's memory. Windows will show a "System Properties" box in which the "General" tab will be selected by default. Under the "Computer" heading, Windows will display your computer's memory.

6.Decide if this amount is enough to handle your current needs. If your computer runs slowly with its present memory, it's time for an upgrade. Most systems will allow you to add 1GB of memory to your hard drive.

Determining Needed Computer Memory for a New PC

1.Write down all the things for which you currently use your computer. Be realistic so you can have a sense of how much memory your new PC will need.

2.Decide what you may want to use your computer for in the future and make a list of programs you may want included with your PC.

3.Make a list of programs you may purchase separately and incorporate them when you assess how much computer memory you need.

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Determine How Much Memory You Need When Buying a New Computer

Computer memory, or "RAM" (Random Access Memory), is very important when purchasing a new computer. RAM makes sure that the computer is loading processes correctly. It is the temporary storage for anything you load up, from your Internet browser to that game of solitaire; any information within that session will be lost after you shut down. RAM also speeds the computer up because more programs can be temporarily placed into it so access is quicker. How much RAM you'll need ultimately depends on what you plan to do with your computer. For instance when looking on the back of photo-editing software Adobe Photoshop CS3, it states that you need 512MB of RAM, but 1GB is recommended. Having the recommended RAM will give your computer optimal performance for that application.

Instructions

1.Write a list of programs that you want to have on your new computer, such as graphics software, Microsoft Word, and your operating system. This information will give you a baseline to work with.

2.Check the system requirements for each program on your list to see how much RAM will run the program optimally. For example, Windows XP requires at least 1GB of memory, while Vista needs 2GB; specialized computer graphics and full-motion video will require at least 4GB of memory, including what you'll need for your operating system. These system requirements are available on manufacturer websites or directly on the programs' packaging.

3.Consider all the programs, including your operating system, that you'll run at once and add together how much RAM each of these programs will need.

4.Add 512MB to 1GB extra RAM to your total to give yourself leeway for future programs that you might want to add to your computer.

Tips & Warnings

If how you use your computer changes and you add or remove programs, add or subtract RAM accordingly. Remember that RAM is set up in multiples of 8s. Memory is sold in increments of 256MB, 512MB, 1GB (1,024 MB), and 2GB (2,048 MB).

Laptop computers are not always easy to upgrade because some can only carry so much RAM, often 4GB. Most memory that you purchase aside from what comes with your computer will have a manufacturer's lifetime warranty. This is good only for manufacturer defects, so make sure you keep the receipt for memory in case you have to exchange it.

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How to Determine How Much Memory a Computer Needs

Whether you're in the market for a new Computer or seeking to upgrade your existing PC, determining how much memory your computer needs is vital. Too much memory can leave wasted space on your hard drive. Too little computer memory can overload your PC and cause it to operate sluggishly.

Instructions

Determining Current Memory of Existing PC for Upgrade

1.Click the "Start" tab in your Windows operating system.
2.Select "Control Panel" from the list on the right.
3.Choose the "Performance and Maintenance" tool.
4.Click "See Basic Information About Your Computer."
5.View the specification on your computer's memory. Windows will show a "System Properties" box in which the "General" tab will be selected by default. Under the "Computer" heading, Windows will display your computer's memory.
6.Decide if this amount is enough to handle your current needs. If your computer runs slowly with its present memory, it's time for an upgrade. Most systems will allow you to add 1GB of memory to your hard drive.

Determining Needed Computer Memory for a New PC

1.Write down all the things for which you currently use your computer. Be realistic so you can have a sense of how much memory your new PC will need.
2.Decide what you may want to use your computer for in the future and make a list of programs you may want included with your PC.
3.Make a list of programs you may purchase separately and incorporate them when you assess how much computer memory you need.

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How to Fix Computer Glitches

Most Computer owners have come to rely on their computers to do so many things such as paying their bills online, sending important emails, listening to music, watching movies and myriad tasks. However, almost every computer will have glitches at one time or another that slows down or makes you put off what you're trying to do on your computer. There are some things you can do regularly to prevent these glitches.

Instructions

1.Add more RAM. Open the computer case and locate the RAM slots. Add additional RAM up to the maximum. You will need to consult your computer manual to determine how much RAM you can add.
2.Scan your computer for spyware and viruses. Download or purchase and install anti-spyware and anti-virus software. Run full scans of your computer at least once a month to remove anything that can be causing a problem.
3.Reinstall software that is problematic. Go to the "Control Panel" and select "Uninstall a Program." Select the program and choose "Uninstall." Restart the computer and then reinstall the software.
4.Delete files and unused programs if your computer does not have a lot of free space. Your computer will run better if it has at least a few gigabytes free.

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How to Find Out How Much Memory Your PC Has

Your Computer uses RAM (random-access memory) for quick, short-term storage. Programs store their instructions in RAM when they run, so RAM determines how many programs you can open at once, the size of the files you can open in programs, and, to some extent, how fast a program executes its instructions. It's a snap to figure out how much RAM you have in your computer.

Instructions

1.Start your computer and locate the My Computer icon.
2.Right-click the My Computer icon, and select Properties from the menu that appears.
3.Look under the General tab where it gives you information about the size of the hard drive and what operating system you use to find the amount of RAM in megabytes (MB) or Gigabytes (GB).

Tips & Warnings

Depending on how the manufacturer of your computer has customized Windows, you might be able to read the amount of RAM your machine has as Windows loads.

You might need more RAM if you can't open a program because of insufficient memory or if it runs very slowly; if you can't open as many programs at once as you want; if programs refuse to open very large files (such as graphics or video files) or slow down with large files; or if programs slow down when you have many of them open. Check the specifications that came with your PC to see if and how RAM can be added.

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How to Defrag a Dell Computer

If you have a Dell Computer, then everything you need to defrag your computer is already loaded onto your Dell computer. Dell computers come with Windows already installed, and Windows includes the software needed to defrag a Dell computer. It is important to defrag a Dell computer regularly (preferably weekly) in order to keep your Dell computer running in peak condition. It only takes a couple of minutes to begin the defrag process, and then the Dell computer takes care of the defragging automatically. Here is how to defrag a Dell computer.

Instructions

1.Understand why you should defrag a Dell computer regularly. When you add and delete files to a Dell computer, the hard drive becomes fragmented, which can cause the Dell computer to run sluggishly. Defrag a Dell computer regularly in order to keep it running more efficiently.

2.Open the My Computer window. To do this on a Dell computer, click on the "Start" button at the bottom of the screen. Then, click "My Computer".

3.Choose the hard disk drive that you want to defrag. Locate the section entitled "Hard Disk Drives." In this section is a list of hard drives on the computer. For most Dell computers, the hard disk drive you will want to defrag is Local Disk (C:).

4.Right-click on the hard disk drive you want to defrag on the Dell computer. If you want to defrag your C: drive, then right-click on "Local Disk (C:)". A menu bar will appear.

5.Click on "Properties." "Properties" is the last option on the menu bar. This opens the Local Disk (C:) Properties window.

6.Click the "Tools" tab. The Tools tab is the second tab in the Local Disk (C:) Properties window. The tabs are located on the top of the window.

7.Click the "Defragment Now" button. The "Defragment Now" button is in the Defragmentation section of the window. This opens the Disk Defragmenter window.

8.Click to select the disk drive you want to defrag on a Dell computer and then click "Defragment." For most Dell computers, this will be (C:). After you click "Defragment," the Dell computer will first analyze the disk drive you selected and then beginning defragging the Dell computer.

9.Wait for the "Defragmentation is Complete" message. If you have not defragged a Dell computer in a long time, then the defragging process might take a while, even as long as an hour for very fragmented Dell computers. Allow the Dell computer to run the defrag until the process is completed. You will know that the Dell computer has completed the defrag process when the "Defragmentation is Complete" message appears.

10.View the defrag report and then close the window. If you want to view the defrag report, click "View Report." Otherwise, click "Close" to close the window.

Tips & Warnings

It is a good idea to run an error check before running a defrag on a Dell computer. While running an error check is not necessary in order to defrag a Dell computer, running an error check is another computer maintenance task that should be completed as frequently as the Dell computer is defragged.

Defrag a Dell computer on a regular basis. Ideally, you should defrag a Dell computer at least weekly.

The more frequently you defrag a Dell computer, the less time the defrag process will take. The defrag process can take a significant amount of time on a Dell computer that has not been defragged in a while.

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Restore a Dell Dimension to Factory Settings

Dell Dimension Computer have a built-in PC restore system that allows you to quickly restore the PC to its original factory settings. The PC restore is located in a hidden partition of the PC's hard drive and contains a copy of the computer's original factory installed software. There are two different ways to restore the Dimension's settings depending on which operating system your computer is running.

Instructions

Windows XP

1.Disconnect all peripheral equipment that is attached to your computer such as printer, scanner, external hard drive and memory sticks.
2.Restart the computer. After the Dell screen appears on the monitor, hold down the "Ctrl" key and press the "F11" key. If the Windows XP screen appears before you can finish this step, wait for the computer to finish rebooting and restart the computer again.
3.Highlight "Restore" in the Dell PC Restore window by using the tab button. Hit "Enter."
4.Highlight "Confirm" in the restore warning box by using the tab button. Hit "Enter." This will start the system restore process. Do not attempt to turn off the computer during this process or vital system files may be damages and you will not be able to restart your computer.
5.Click "Finish" in the box that notifies you that the restoration has been successful.
6.Hit "Enter" to restart the computer. The computer has been restored to the original factory settings.

Windows Vista

1.Disconnect all peripheral equipment that is attached to your computer such as printer, scanner, external hard drive and memory sticks.
2.Restart the computer. After the Dell screen appears on the monitor, press the "F8" key. If the Windows Vista screen appears before you can finish this step, wait for the computer to finish rebooting and restart the computer again.
3.Highlight "Repair Your Computer" by using the down arrow key in the Advanced Boot window. Hit the "Enter" key.
4.Click "Next" after selecting a language. Log into the computer as an administrator. Click "OK." Choose "Dell Factory Restore." Click "Next."
5.Check "Yes" next to the reformat the hard drive and restore factory settings option. Click "Next" to start the restoration process. Do not attempt to turn off the computer during this process or vital system files may be damages and you will not be able to restart your computer.
6.Click "Finish" in the box that notifies you that the restoration has been successful. The computer will automatically restart itself to its original factory settings.

Tips & Warnings

Back-up any data or files that you don't want to lose before doing a system restore. A system restore will erase everything that you have downloaded onto your computer including music files, photographs, videos, emails and favorite URLs. Copy back-up files onto a disc or memory stick.

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How to Easily Restore a Dell PC to Factory Settings

Dell PCs have made it much easier for users to restore their Computer to factory settings. Depending upon which Windows operating system is installed on the computer, the process is a matter of a couple of reboots and a few keystrokes. Gone are the days of having to insert a boot disk along with a lengthy reformatting process. The process is so simplified that even a novice can restore a computer to Dell factory settings.

Instructions

1.Determine which operating system your Dell PC currently uses. The restoration process to factory settings is slightly different in Windows XP than in Windows Vista.
2.Back up your computer. When you restore your Dell desktop or laptop to factory settings, you will lose all of your documents. This includes all of your music, pictures, video, emails, address book, favorites or anything else that was not on the computer when you originally purchased.
3.Ensure that you have all of the program disks. If you installed software programs on your Dell PC, make sure that you have your original program disks. Or, if you don't have the disks, make sure you know where you can go to download the original program. By restoring your Dell PC to factory settings, all of your programs will be erased.
4.Disconnect your printer, scanner and any other peripherals attached to the computer. If you're using a laptop that has a docking station, take it out of the docking station.
5.Restoring a Dell System Running Windows XP.

Turn off and reboot your computer. When you see the Windows flash screen, depress "CTRL" and "F11". Be sure to press them simultaneously and release them simultaneously.
Select "Restore" in the "Dell PC to restore by Symantec" window and press "Enter".

Highlight and select "Confirm" when the message shows that you wiill lose all data if you continue. This will begin the restore process. It usually takes about 10 minutes or so. When it's done, you should receive a message that states the system recovery process was successful.
Select "Finish" to complete the process and restart your system.
6.Restore a Dell System Running Windows Vista
Shutdown and restart your computer. Keep pressing "F8" until you see the "Advanced Boot Options" menu. You must depress the keys before the Windows Logo screen appears. If you wait until after the screen appears and then press "F8", it's too late and you'll have to reboot the system and try again.
Navigate to the "Repair your computer" option
Select the appropriate language and click "Next".
Sign onto the system as an administrator. Without administrative privileges, you will be unable to perform the system restore.
Select "Dell Factory Image Restore" and click "Next".
Place a check in the check box next to the text that says "Yes, reformat hard drive and restore System Software to factory condition" and click "Next".
Click "Finish" to complete the process. This will reboot your computer.

Tips & Warnings

This method works on newer Dell machines. Older Dell computers may have to use the old fashioned way of rebooting from a boot disk. Visit the Dell website to see if your system has the above factory restore options.

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How to Restore the Factory Settings on a Dell Precision 690

Dell Computer are top-of-the-line machines, including the Dell Precision 690. Occasionally, however, even the best computers need to be restored. Restoring to the factory settings on a Dell Precision 690 should only be used as a last resort. Restoring the computer will delete any files or programs that were added to it since it left the factory. Restoring the Dell Preision 690 isn't complicated, but the directions must be followed exactly.

Instructions

1.Copy any programs, photos or files on the computer that you want to save to the blank CDs.
2.Disconnect all printers and extra devices from the computer.
3.Restart your computer. As soon as you see the blue bar that says dell.com, press the "Ctrl" and "F11" keys at the same time. You only have a few seconds to do this. If you don't do it in time, Windows will start and you'll have to restart your computer and try again.
4.Select "Restore" from the options screen that appears, and then select "Confirm."
5.Wait for the computer to restore itself to the factory settings. This can take from 10 to 15 minutes. Do not shut off the computer or interfere with the process in any way.
6.Select "Finish" when the screen appears that tells you the restore is complete. At this point, the computer will restart itself. Do not try to restart the computer yourself. The system will do it when it's ready.
7.Click "Yes" when the computer restarts and asks you to accept the license agreement, and then click "Next." Again, the "System Restore" screen will appear and the computer will automatically restart itself.
8.Wait for the computer to restart once again. Click "OK" upon restart and you're now back to factory settings.
9.Immediately reinstall your anti-virus program before browsing the Internet.
10.Reinstall other programs that were removed during the restoration process, along with photos and other documents that you want to have back on the computer.

Tips & Warnings

If you need to re-install system drivers, insert the Dell Drivers and Utilities CD that came with your computer or visit the Dell website if you don't have the disk.

Interrupting the process of restoring the Dell Precision 690 to factory settings can result in computer instability and damage to the hardware and operating system.

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Use Dell Computer System Restore

System Restore is not a program or utility specific to a Dell Computer--System Restore is operating system specific. Since Dell computers are designed to use Windows software, they use the System Restore program available in Windows. System Restore is a utility program that allows you to restore your computer's hardware settings to a specific date. This is a useful tool in repairing major system performance or storage issues with your Dell computer.

Instructions

1.Click on the "Start" menu icon located in the bottom left-hand corner of the screen. Click on "All Programs" and then click on "Accessories." Wait for the drop-down menu to appear.
2.Select "System Tools," then click on the "System Restore" icon. Wait for the System Restore window to appear. Select "Restore my computer to an earlier time" and then click the "Next" button to continue.
3.Click on the back arrow next to the calendar until you reach the desired date to which you wish to restore your system's settings. You need to select the date you purchased your computer if you want to restore the computer's factory settings. Select your desired date and then click on the "Next" button.
4.Wait for the "Confirm Restoration Date" to appear. Click on the "Next" button to continue. Your computer will automatically restart.

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Restore a Dell Computer

Most Dell Computer come with an insurance policy that you may not even know about. Hidden on your hard disk in a separate partition are all the files that originally shipped with the computer in a compressed state. This "PC Restore" function gives you the choice to reset your computer to factory settings should it reach a state where it isn't functioning properly. Even Dell computers without this recovery partition are often shipped with CDs that can achieve the same function. This article will tell you how to restore a Dell Computer.

Instructions

1.Backup all important files and folders. Restoring your system involves formatting much of the hard disk. This will erase all files and folders--so make sure you have a copy of anything you don't want to lose.
2.Locate your recovery media. Check you manual or the Dell support page for your system on what kind of restore function your computer has. Some will come with a recovery disk. Some will use a program called Norton Ghost. Others will use files hidden in a separate hard disk partition.
3.Insert CD or run the recovery software for your Dell system. After booting the system, you will likely be asked if you want to try to repair the current installation or restore to factory defaults. If you have backed-up all files, it is recommended to choose "restore to factory defaults."
4.After the operating system has been reinstalled, you will have to individually install the drivers that make your system components run. Your Dell likely comes with a CD called "Drivers and Utilitties." Insert this CD and follow the on-screen instructions.
5.After installing all drivers, you are almost there. Reinstall software applications you wish to use like Word Processors and email applications. They would be located on an "Applications" CD if they came installed on your Dell.

Tips & Warnings

Keep your system up to date with the latest updates and security software to prevent system issues or corruption from malicious files.

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How to Fix a Dell Computer

Depending upon what is wrong with your Dell Computer, there are a variety of ways you can go about having it fixed. Dell computers are nice because they have built-in alerts that pop up in your taskbar (on the bottom of the screen) when it senses a problem. This can often alert you to a problem before it becomes worse.

Instructions

1.Determine the problem. Pay attention to any pop ups you are receiving. Go to the Dell website if you need to troubleshoot the problem further (see Resources below). Make sure your computer is no longer under warranty before you start working on it.

2.If you hear a scraping or whooshing noise when a CD or DVD operates or the hard drive spins, most likely one of those parts will need to be replaced.

3.Insert the help or resource CD that came with your computer if you need further instruction or need the computer to run a utility to further investigate what the problem is with your Dell.

4.Touch the side and pop open the computer case by applying slight pressure on the top and towards the bottom. It generally has a hinged opening, especially on the black or gray cases. It works best if you place the computer on its side.

5.Inspect the contents. Make sure you know where everything goes. Slide out the part, such as the CD or DVD-ROM or hard drive, and slide in the replacement part. If you need to replace memory, make sure it is seated securely within the casing (black thin silicone chip) and it is the same speed and type of memory. If the computer will not boot after you replace it, or if it makes beeping noises, you do not have the memory seated properly or do not have the proper type or speed.

6.Format the hard drive if you replaced it (see Resources below). If not, your CD/DVD drive should be ready to go. Pop in a CD to see that everything is installed correctly. The green or yellow light should turn on and you should hear it operate.

Tips & Warnings

Do not put everything back together again and replace cords until you know the replacement part functions properly.

Have your service tag handy (on the computer) if you need to call Dell or visit their website. You will need this info so they can identify your computer.

If it is a motherboard problem and you need to spend more than $100, it is probably not worth fixing. You can keep or sell your Dell for parts.
Unplug all power to your computer before servicing.

Never open or attempt to fix a computer that is still under warranty. Call Dell if you are unsure if the warranty is still in force.
Always save your original CDs and know where they are stored.
Work in a low static area and always wear your anti-static wrist strap.

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How to Increase Download Speed

The Internet is the fastest and easiest way to get all types of information and multimedia, but if you are stuck with slow download speeds, you are not getting the most out of the Internet. A fast Computer will help a little, but there are several ways to increase your download speed without upgrading your computer. Read on to learn how to increase your download speed.

Instructions

1.Check with your Internet service provider about Internet connection options. The speed of your Internet connection is the most significant variable to your download speed. If you have dial-up Internet access, consider upgrading to a Direct Service Line (DSL) or a cable connection. Even if you already have cable, your Internet service provider may have faster cable services available.

2.Understand a fast connection. Connection speed is measured by the amount of data that can be transferred per second, usually kilobits per second (Kbps) or megabits per second (Mbps). There are 1024 kilobits in one megabit. Most dial-up connections are 56 Kbps, while cable can be as fast as 20 Mbps. When you contact your Internet service provider, they should be able to tell you the speed of their connections.

3.Close any open programs you do no need when downloading. This will free up your computer's resources to better handle the data transfer. If possible, have your computer download the files you need while you are away from the computer.

4.Prioritize your downloads. Download only the files you really want first and start other downloads later. The more files you download simultaneously, the slower the files download.

5.Try downloads at different times of the day. The more people who are downloading the same file, the slower the file downloads for everyone. If you are experiencing a slow download, try it at a different time of day when fewer people might be trying to download the same file.

6.Install Download Accelerator. Download Accelerator is a program that optimizes your computer's download capabilities. It not only increases the speed of your downloads, it helps you manage them. When you begin downloading a file, Download Accelerator saves the file so that you can resume downloading it later if necessary. To get Download Accelerator, go to the Download website, search for Download Accelerator, click "Download Now" and follow the directions.

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How to Choose a Desktop Computer

Shopping for a Computer doesn't need to be hard. First think about what you need. Are you looking for a computer to perform basic tasks or to meet special requirements? Then do a little homework, and finally go shopping armed with that knowledge. You'll get a computer you can be happy with, and you'll get the best value for your money.

Instructions

Before you shop

1.Decide if you're better served by the PC/Windows platform or the Macintosh. You can generally get a faster computer for your money by choosing a Windows machine, but Macs come with more easy-to-use built-in software. Top brands are Dell, Hewlett- Packard, IBM, Gateway and Toshiba. Apple, of course, makes the Macintosh.

2.Think about whether this machine will need to work with your office or school server. Exchanging files between platforms is less of an issue than it used to be, but it's still worth noting.

3.Ask your friends and co-workers in similar lines of work what machines they have, where they bought them, if there were any problems, and whether they're happy with their choices.

4.Expect to spend $1,000 to $2,000 for a general-purpose machine, although you can find desktop computers for anywhere from $400 to $10,000.

The basics

1.Realize that if you buy a super cheap computer at a warehouse store or discounter, you're going to be on your own. Technical support from the major manufacturers tends to be a lot better.

2.Buy as much random-access memory (RAM), or system memory, as you can afford. At a bare minimum, get 128 megabytes (MB); 256 MB or 512 MB is preferable. (For a Macintosh, get at least 256 MB.) Memory is more critical than a faster processor.

3.Get at least two universal serial bus (USB) connections and a FireWire (also called IEEE 1394) connection. These will connect peripheral devices, such as a printer, PDA, digital cameras and camcorders, scanners and game controllers.

4.Get a CD burner so you can back up valuable data and make your own music CDs. Look into a DVD burner too if you're involved in film making or editing, but remember that there are multiple competing standards; computer-burned DVDs might not play in your home DVD player. Make sure your machine has a DVD drive if you want to watch movies on your computer. (See How to Buy Blank CDs.) Also look for an internal modem.

5.Ask about upgradability if you intend to use this computer for a long time, which is considered three or more years.

6.Choose any current computer model from the major manufacturers with a high degree of confidence if you simply want to send e-mail, surf the Web and do word-processing.

Special considerations

1.Get high-quality graphics and sound if you plan to play games. Look for a system that has a graphics card with a coprocessor, and 5.1 Surround sound. You'll want a broadband Internet connection to play online games, and to improve your Internet experience overall. (See How to Choose an Internet Service Provider.)

2.Buy the biggest hard drive you can afford--120 to 180 gigabytes (GB) is now commonplace. Get more than 200 GB if you're storing music and/or editing video. For video editing, you'll also need a video input/output card and a FireWire connection.

3.Add a TV capture card, and you can even have your computer function as a DVR. (See How to Get a Digital Video Recorder.)

Tips & Warnings

The term desktop computer is misleading. Desktop refers to computers that aren't laptop or notebook computers.

Computers continue to get faster and cheaper. Don't torture yourself by second-guessing your purchase, or by waiting for the next jump in power or drop in price.

Don't toss your old computer in the trash (see How to Sell or Donate a Computer). Like many other electronic devices, they contain toxic chemicals and need to be recycled.

You might be able to use your current monitor, printer, and other peripherals with a new computer if you're happy with them. Write down their specifications and bring your notes to the store. But remember that many computers come packaged with hardware preconfigured to work together and with the latest operating systems.

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How to Renew a Computer's IP Address

It happens to all of us. You're browsing the internet and suddenly you get the "Page Not Found" error. You check your modem and everything seems to be working and now you decide to call customer service--what a hassle. Often, the problem is that you need to renew your computer's Internet Protocol (IP) address. These steps explain how to renew your IP address and hopefully save you a call to Computer service.

Instructions

1.Click on the "Start" button and choose "Run."

2.Type "cmd" in the box and click on "OK." A window with a command prompt appears. It resembles the old DOS operating system.

3.Type "ipconfig /release" and press "Enter." This releases your computers current IP addresses.

4.Type "ipconfig /renew" and press "Enter." This assigns your computer a new set of IP addresses.

5.Type "Exit" and press "Enter" to close the window. You computer now has a new IP address.

Tips & Warnings

If the above steps don't resolve your connectivity issue, try unplugging your modem and/or router for a few seconds and then repeat the process.

The command "ipconfig" reveals the IP address assigned to your computer. If you have more than one connection to your computer (i.e. having both a wireless and LAN network card) the command "ipconfig /all" reveals all your assigned IP addresses.

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How to Clean a Computer Monitor with Furniture Oil

Computer monitors and equipment have a tendency to become dusty. Even when you dust regularly, the dust seems to reappear overnight. With a little creativity and some supplies from home you can keep the dust at bay for a little longer. While there are many products on the market intended for cleaning dust from your computer monitor, you can use furniture polish to remove the dust and keep it from returning as quickly.

Instructions

1.Pour a large, coin-sized amount of furniture polish oil onto a clean, soft cloth. Allow the furniture oil to soak into the cloth for a few minutes so it's not sitting on the surface.

2.Wipe down the back, sides and bottom of your computer monitor with the furniture oil. Get into as many crevices as possible so the oil comes in contact with the monitor's surface.

3.Buff the sides, back and bottom with a clean, dry cloth to remove any excess furniture oil.

4.Pour a few drops of rubbing alcohol onto an unused dryer sheet. Use the dryer sheet and rubbing alcohol combination to clean the computer monitor screen. Allow the rubbing alcohol to evaporate and air dry from the computer screen.

Tips & Warnings

Substitute undiluted liquid fabric softener for the furniture oil, if needed.
Overuse of furniture oil on your computer monitor will leave a greasy film and can seep into the interior of the monitor. Follow the "less is more" rule and clean your monitor with furniture oil no more then once a month.

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How to Clean a Computer's Insides Safely

Computer fans pull a lot of dust inside the chassis. If undisturbed, the dust can interfere with ventilation, eventually causing parts to fail. If you have a service contract that covers maintenance, have your computer taken apart and professionally cleaned. Otherwise, follow these steps.

Instructions

1.Check your owner's manual. If the manufacturer has provided specific instructions, follow them.

2.Get any supplies you might need: a can of compressed air, Endust for Electronics or any household plastic or metal cleaning fluid, a soft brush (such as a paintbrush) and an anti-static rag, plus a dust mask if you're allergic to dust.

3.Shut down the computer.

4.Leave the computer plugged into the surge suppressor.

5.Disconnect all peripherals from the computer.

6.Remove the computer cover (see your owner's manual for instructions).

7.Ground yourself to the computer with any professional grounding equipment you have. Otherwise, ground yourself by touching a metal part of the chassis.

8.Spray compressed air on the fan blades, power supply chassis, drive chassis and circuit boards.

9.Gently brush off dust that the forced air didn't dislodge.

10.Brush any remaining dust out from the bottom of the chassis.

11.Spray Endust for Electronics or another cleaning fluid onto an anti-static rag.

12.Wipe the inside and outside of the cover thoroughly.

13.Replace the cover and reconnect the peripherals.

Tips & Warnings

If possible, work in an uncarpeted area.
Be careful not to touch any chips. Touch as little as possible inside your machine. Static damage (and even oil damage) may cause a failure months after the incident.

Some sources recommend using a regular or specialty electronics vacuum cleaner. These appliances could cause magnetic damage or static electricity, or dislodge or inhale poorly secured chips or components.

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How to Clean Dust From a Computer

Cleaning dusty computers and components is a sure-fire way of keeping your electronics in working order. Dust and debris can cut down the life of your electronics and cause internal damage to fans and motherboards that may be partially exposed. Removing this on a regular basis ensures that your Computer will run as it was intended.

Instructions

1.Unplug all cords from your computer before beginning. Turn over your computer tower so that the face is flat on the floor. Spray the can of compressed air into the fan air slots on the rear of the tower to remove the dust inside.

2.Use a cotton swab to clean between the air slots for the fan by twisting, to remove the dust buildup. Use a new swab for each slot so that no dust is carried over from the last slot.

3.Wipe the computer monitor screen with the clean white cloth, and then work around to the sides and back to remove any debris. If there are speakers on your monitor, use the compressed air to clean the small holes surrounding the speakers to remove dust from within.

4.Wipe the tower down from top to bottom with the clean white cloth to remove any loose dust or debris that may collect from sitting. This will ensure that when your fan kicks on again, there is no dust sucked into the slots from the surrounding area.

5.Spray the compressed air into the spaces on your keyboard to remove any debris that is trapped behind the keys. This can be done while it is sitting in the flat position. Flip your mouse over so that the roller ball panel is exposed. Twist the small door for the roller ball counter clockwise to remove it, and flip the mouse over to release the ball. Spray the compressed air into the opening to remove any dirt. Use a cotton swab to remove any build up on the small rollers inside, and replace the ball and door.

Tips & Warnings

Laser mouse users cannot use the method above, as there is no roller ball to remove. Instead, you should use a clean cloth to wipe over the laser eye area to clean and dust your mouse.

Always unplug wires before beginning a cleaning regimen to make sure that the electronics are not a fire hazard, and can cause no harm.

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How to Troubleshoot a Hewlett-Packard Monitor

The troubleshooting process determines where a problem exists and how to correct that problem. Hewlett-Packard monitors, like any other monitor, can go wrong for a multitude of reasons, any of which can cause calamity if you cannot see what your Computer is doing. Proper troubleshooting determines if the problem is major or minor as well as whether you should repair the problem or replace the monitor. Troubleshooting techniques differ based on the monitor's problem; the following is a general troubleshooting guideline that ranges from power problems to display issues.Troubleshoot the power connection. Using the monitor's original power cord, plug that same cord into a different outlet; check if the monitor powers on. If not, use a different power cord. If the monitor still has no power, it is not likely worth the cost to repair (unless it is still covered by Hewlett-Packard's warranty and can be repaired for free).

Troubleshoot the computer connection by connecting the monitor to the computer. If the monitor turns on but displays no image, use a different cable to make the same connection. If the monitor works with a different cable, the original cable is bad and needs to be disposed. If the monitor still does not work, the problem is in one of two places: the computer's video card or the monitor's backlight.
Connect the monitor to a different computer. If the monitor works with another computer, the problem is with the original computer's video card; if the monitor turns on but still has no display, the problem is in the monitor's backlight. This, like the instance in Step 1, is usually not worth the cost of repair unless it is covered by the HP warranty.

Troubleshoot any awkward or unbalanced colors. Use the menu button to access the color bars; adjust the red, green, and blue tints until the picture is clear. If the adjustment does not work, connect the monitor to another computer. If the monitor displays normally with another computer, the issue is in the original computer's monitor port or graphics card. If the monitor still displays odd colors on another computer, the screen is slowly malfunctioning. Again, this kind of repair is not worth its cost unless it is still covered by HP's warranty.

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